{"id":5263,"date":"2024-02-16T19:36:00","date_gmt":"2024-02-16T18:36:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aifonline.net\/?p=5263"},"modified":"2024-02-17T09:21:52","modified_gmt":"2024-02-17T08:21:52","slug":"les-patronymes-les-perles-rares","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aifonline.net\/?p=5263","title":{"rendered":"Les patronymes : Les perles rares"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong><em>Par Alain Kaminski<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Je pense souvent \u00e0 ces personnes que j\u2019ai bien connues et qui portent des patronymes peu courants, chez les ashk\u00e9nazes comme chez les s\u00e9farades.<br>Les germanistes reconna\u00eetront les <strong>Taube<\/strong> ou <strong>Taub<\/strong>, en yiddish <strong>Toyb\u00e9<\/strong>, la colombe, \u00e0 ne pas confondre avec les<strong> Turteltaub<\/strong> parfois <strong>Turkeltaub<\/strong>, la tourterelle. Plus rarement les si jolis <strong>Nachtigal<\/strong>, le rossignol. J\u2019ai bien connu madame <strong>Fink<\/strong>, le pinson, mais parfois ce qui brille <strong>Finkel<\/strong>, sans oublier en polonais mon cher Benjamin<strong> Wr\u00f3bel<\/strong>, le moineau.<br>Encore moins courants chez les s\u00e9farades <strong>Outmezguine<\/strong> que l\u2019on retrouve parfois en <strong>Etmezguine<\/strong> ou <strong>Tmizguine<\/strong>, ils nous viennent d\u2019une tribu berb\u00e8re install\u00e9e au sud du Haut-Atlas marocain. Mais <strong>Outmezguit<\/strong>, bien plus rare, vient de la vall\u00e9e du Draa au Maroc, <em>tamazgida<\/em> signifiant mosqu\u00e9e en berb\u00e8re. Autre patronyme d\u2019origine berb\u00e8re,<strong> Mesguich<\/strong> ou<strong> Mesghiche<\/strong>, on se rapproche du d\u00e9sert alg\u00e9rien. Mais j\u2019ai crois\u00e9 en Isra\u00ebl un <strong>Outgourgouche<\/strong> qui m\u2019a appris que ses grands-parents venaient d\u2019un village berb\u00e8re dans la r\u00e9gion de l\u2019oued Sous dans le sud marocain. Dans ce m\u00eame sud marocain, avec dix millions de locuteurs, la langue berb\u00e8re des Chleuhs est le tachelhit et une gazelle se dit <em>azenkad<\/em>, ce qui nous a donn\u00e9 les <strong>Azancot<\/strong>.<br>Au XIX\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, c\u2019est le docteur <strong>Elyaou Outmezguine<\/strong>, originaire de Mogador au Maroc, r\u00e9put\u00e9 pour ses connaissances des plantes m\u00e9dicinales, qui \u00e9tait le m\u00e9decin du sultan Moulay Sliman. A la m\u00eame \u00e9poque, <strong>David Azancot<\/strong> \u00e9tait interpr\u00e8te au Consulat de France \u00e0 Tanger. Fournisseur de la marine fran\u00e7aise, il \u00e9tait aussi l\u2019ami d\u2019Alexandre Dumas et d\u2019Eug\u00e8ne Delacroix.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Par Alain Kaminski Je pense souvent \u00e0 ces personnes que j\u2019ai bien connues et qui portent des patronymes peu courants,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"table_tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aifonline.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5263"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aifonline.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aifonline.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aifonline.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aifonline.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5263"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/aifonline.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5263\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5345,"href":"https:\/\/aifonline.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5263\/revisions\/5345"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aifonline.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5263"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aifonline.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5263"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aifonline.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5263"},{"taxonomy":"table_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aifonline.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftable_tags&post=5263"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}